volonte
زبان مبدأ: انگلیسی
ترجمه به فارسی
- واژهنامه · French & English to Persian Epistemological Dictionary will|willingness|volition du latin voluntatem, de volo, je veux (=> VOULOIR 1) (xod-)xwâst-eš ? (darun-)râneš/âhang erâda (ar.) + fra. force de volonté : eng. will-power : niru/ tavân-mandi ye erâda/xwâsteš fra. volonté de fer : eng. steely determination : rây ye âhanin + => fra. bonne volonté => fra. à volonté + Volition, in the emphatic sense, involves something more than voluntary movement. The sort of case I am thinking of is decision after deliberation. Voluntary movements are a part of this, but not the whole. There is, in addition to them, a judgment: "This is what I shall do"; there is also a sensation of tension during doubt, followed by a different sensation at the moment of deciding. (B. RUSSELL, Lecture XIV. Emotions and Will ) + Will is nothing but the last appetite or aversion remaining in deliberation. That is to say, will is not something different from desire and aversion, but merely the strongest in a case of conflict. This is connected, obviously, with Hobbe's denial of free will. (B. RUSSELL, History of Western Philosophy, p. 534) + If, on the other hand, we admit the claims of scientific method, we cannot avoid the conclusion that causality and induction are applicable to human volitions as much as to anything else. (B. RUSSELL, Sceptical essays, p. 31) + All mental activity is conditioned to some degree. The will is the concentrated expression of the ‘me,’ and the ‘me’ is never free. It is a conditioned construct based on an illusion-the inherent separateness of the individual or group. ( The Will is Never Free )